Modern Indexes: A Descriptive Analytical Study

Abstract

Important Objectives: Using the inductive methodology, this study aimed to introduce Muslims' efforts in referencing the books of the prophetical Sunna, methods and criteria of referencing, and the way to be used. This paper was ranged into an introduction and three sections. In Introduction, the importance of referencing, its advantages, the need for it, and scholars' efforts in relation were touched upon. Section I was entitled ''Referencing with Muslims'', Section II was entitled ''Classifications of Modern Referencing'', and Section III was entitled ''Drawbacks of Referencing and Missing''. Finally, the paper introduced a number of conclusions; the most important ones were: Muslims paid great efforts in sequencing the books of Sunna and dictionaries, and referenced them by alphabets, phonological sounds, or topics; using computer programmes in the modern referencing, the comprehensive appendix, and individual appendices of Asanid (narration series) and Motoon (rhymed sayings) helped researchers find information easily; and the drawbacks of appendices might be attributed to verifiers' mistakes, illiterates' lack of knowledge in the field referenced, lack of referencing method, or lack of attention during preparation.