State concept in Thomas Hobbs' political philosophy

Abstract

Political, religious, and civil wars in the 17th century AD played an essential role in the thought of the English philosopher Thomas Hobbs (1588-1679), the research aims to study his concept of the political state through his book (Leviathan), through which we explained his role in how it was founded, and discussed through a theoretical approach and the historical approach of the concept of the State, and the extent to which political and religious developments in England have affected the formulation of Hobbs' political theory, We explained the question of the physical philosophical doctrine, the theory of knowledge based on sense, Hobbs explained all sensory processes mechanically physically. vision through memory, and its function is to retrieve these images. We also dealt with what is meant by its natural condition, which precedes the formation of the State. and explains the selfish nature of a man who prefers his interest to all human beings, we noted how human beings emerge from a state of war to the State through the reason for peace and security through natural law. And we noted that the monarchy is the best system in the State for Hobbs, Which, in turn, rejects the principle of separation of powers, because it is the exclusive prerogative of the Governor, and we have made it clear that the absolute ruler is the source of civil law in his view. Finally, we found that Hobbs is one of the great philosophers of the seventeenth century, and his idea of the concept of normalcy, natural law, and social decade was one of the most important in the history of philosophical thought.